Concho Valley Master Gardeners To Host Water-Wise Landscaping Workshop

Texas AgriLife Extension Service’s Concho Valley Master Gardeners Association is hosting “Water-Wise Landscaping,” at 7 p.m., June 10 at the Tom Green County 4-H Center, 3168 N. U.S. Hwy. 67.

Kay Thompson, Master Gardener program coordinator, said the workshop should put to rest some popular misconceptions about low-water-use plants.

“We hesitated to call this a Xeriscape workshop, because many people have a picture in their minds of rock and cactus when they see that title,” said Thompson. “That’s the image we are trying to steer away from.

“This workshop will teach homeowners how to have the lush landscape they’ve always dreamed of–one that will not only look good, but perform the way they want it to.”

Thompson said once such a landscape is installed, immediate results will include reduced irrigation and lower water bills, less maintenance and a tougher, higher quality landscape that is adapted to West Texas weather conditions.

There is no charge for the workshop, but organizers ask that participants call the AgriLife Extension office in Tom Green County at 325-659-6528 by June 6, so enough printed material can be made available.

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Saturday, May 31st, 2008

Low Water Use Plants Pushed For Parking Strips

The Utah Rivers Council recently launched its fourth annual Rip Your Strip campaign at an open house at Staker Parson Landscape Center in North Salt Lake.

The council is a community-based, grass-roots, nonprofit organization dedicated to the stewardship of Utah’s rivers; sustainable, clean water sources for its residents; and conservation of wildlife.

The Council’s campaign encourages homeowners and businesses to conserve water by tearing out the grass in their parking strips and replacing it with native, water-wise plants and decorative rock.

According to the council, nearly 70 percent of the water consumption in Utah is used outdoors and almost half of that is used to overwater lawns. By simply designing and managing yards more suited to our climate, billions of gallons of water can be conserved each year.

A parking strip is a great place to start saving water outdoors, the Council contends. It is difficult to water efficiently and most homeowners flood the sidewalk and street in the process.

“When you convert your parking strip, not only do you save gallons of precious water, you add a lot of interest to your landscape and cut down on maintenance,” said Mark Danenhauer, spokesman for the Utah Rivers Council.

Gardening expert, Larry Sagers, agreed. “If the only time you step on the grass is to mow it, you might
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want to rethink your landscaping plan,” he said.Sagers offered a simple water-saving tip: Learn to water by how much (amount) instead of how long (time). “If you don’t quite understand this concept, order 20 minutes of root beer the next time you go to McDonald’s,” he quipped.

For his part, Brian Heslop, landscape center manager for Staker Parson, says, “The average American family uses 60 percent of its total water on landscaping. Xeriscaping is a water-wise landscaping strategy that allows you to create and maintain a varied, colorful, even lush garden and yard while reducing water needs as much as 70 percent.”

The Rip Your Strip campaign has been successful, Danenhauer said. The council had hoped for 100 participants in the first year. Instead, they got 1,000. Nearly 4,000 people have signed on.

“The beauty of this campaign is that the Utah Rivers Council will provide free information to help the average person with no previous landscape experience to be able to successfully convert their thirsty parking strip from grass to a beautiful, low-water-usage landscape,” Danenhauer said.

Once you’ve got a parking strip project under your belt, you’ll be familiar with drought-tolerant plants and the principles of low water-use design. Then you’ll be able to tackle a bigger project in your yard and keep on rippin’, Danenhauer said.

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Saturday, May 31st, 2008

Hanging Gardens of Babylon condos a green retreat

Around 600 B.C., the fabled Hanging Gardens of Babylon was considered one of the original Seven Wonders of the World.

According to Greek historians, the project featured terraces and roofs filled with topsoil that could accommodate even large trees. There was an elaborate system to pump water from the Euphrates River to the garden beds and a seal made of reeds, tar, brick and concrete kept soil moisture from penetrating the roof structure.

Fast forward to 2008 to Scottsdale’s Optima Camelview Village condominium project northwest of Highland Avenue and Scottsdale Road.

The 700-unit glass-and-steel project features terraced and rooftop gardens, where 25 to 30 kinds of colorful plants from ground covers to trees grow.

The plants were selected for their low water use. A computerized drip watering system is used and a special fertilizer mix is added to the water to nourish the plants.

Architect and Optima founder David Hovey has been incorporating green roofs in his building designs for about 30 years, originally on a much smaller scale.

“This is, I think, the largest green roof installation of any residential development in the world,” Hovey said.

Three landscape architects and a landscaping contractor, ISS Grounds Control, keep the Optima Camelview Village project beautiful and growing. The project site is about 14 acres with 23 acres of landscaping.

Hovey said on top of each of the units’ concrete deck structure is placed a waterproofing membrane, and over that, a protection board and a drainage mat about a half-inch thick.

“So what happens when it rains, the water goes through all the soil and then drains through the mat to a vertical downspout and from there is either recaptured or goes into the storm sewer system,” Hovey said.

Between 6 inches and 2 feet of custom mixed local dirt is placed on top of everything. Hovey said an entire year’s life cycle of soil mixtures and plants were tested at Mountain States Wholesale Nursery in Glendalebefore being selected because of the project’s design and the orientation of the sun in summer and winter.

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Tuesday, March 25th, 2008

Native tree frogs get a jump on spring

MERCER ISLAND — At Luther Burbank Park on the island’s northeastern shoulder, spring was doing her best to bid winter a hasty adieu, the flora and fauna busily readying for a farewell soiree. Red flowering currant was begging to unfurl, an Anna’s hummer was doing acrobatic “this is my turf” dives, and kids were racing their training wheels to the monkey bars.

As if on cue, a tree frog began ka-reeking just as Klaus Richter arrived. One of King County’s senior ecologists, with the Department of Water Resources and Parks, he is also one of the foremost authorities on Northwest amphibians — and an expert in the fine art of frog procurement. He was there to give me a tour of wetlands he designed specifically for amphibians, and to catch a Pacific tree frog.

In a pond near you, thousands of small suitors are tuning up their voices for the annual swamp love-in. Though they grow to just 2 inches, their voluble voices make up a well-known spring chorus oft-used in Hollywood movies as nighttime sound backdrop. Our most widespread native amphibians, Pacific tree frogs live in every county in the state and were named the Washington state amphibian last year.


Spring brings change

According to Richter, tree frogs spend most of the year solo, snapping up arthropods — spiders and bugs — with their sticky tongues in woodlands and gardens. Contrary to their name, they stay near the ground hidden in shrubs and grasses, sometimes staking out flower heads as their own “pollinator buffets.”

In early to mid-February, male tree frogs begin migrating to nearby wetlands to establish territories and serenade females out of hiding. The males follow the cues of a bout leader, the lead singer of the loud, two-part advertisement calls used for wooing — generally described as a “rib-it” or “krek-ek.”

“The bout leader is a dominant male sought after by females,” said Richter. “He has the best quality pitch that probably relates to strong health and reproductive fertility.” Males make sounds by inflating a single throat sac that swells to three times their head size.

Females might listen for days before coming to the ponds to choose a mate. As soon as a female draws near her favorite crooner, the male jumps on her back and wraps her in a hug called amplexus (Latin for “embrace”). They may stay conjoined for several hours as she swims through the reeds, but fertilization happens later. After “the hug” the female attaches a quarter-sized gelatinous mass of 10-70 eggs to stems or sticks in shallow water. As the eggs are released, the male fertilizes them. The female leaves the pond within the week, while her mate may stay up to a month, seeking to extend his genetic reach.


Blackbirds sound off

Richter and I followed a path to the edge of the park’s north wetlands, where red-winged blackbirds scolded us from the cattails and cedar waxwings squabbled over last year’s overlooked berries.

In the early 1980s, developers and stormwater managers wanted to use wetlands to reduce stream erosion and store surface runoff. The proposal alarmed ecologists, including Richter, because of the potential impact on wildlife and their habitat — surface runoff can be full of pollutants.

“Wetlands are the kidneys of the landscape,” said Richter. “They cleanse water and provide wildlife habitat. We studied 19 area wetlands to better understand their functions and discovered that each wetland is unique. We cannot protect just a few wetlands and expect to maintain our species. Our main recommendation was to protect wetlands from abnormal water-level fluctuations from developmental runoff.”

Using data from healthy wetlands, Richter sculpted the disturbed wetland at Luther Burbank specifically to attract amphibians and provide optimum breeding habitat, every aspect worried over and executed to be a frog or salamander’s swamp of dreams: Breeding sites were constructed in sunny locations (amphibian eggs develop more quickly in warm water). Deeper pools were created near healthy woodlands making it easier for tadpoles to survive and juveniles to reach cover.

Small peninsulas jut like fingers into the water — greatly expanding the perimeter of the pond edge’s productive zone and protective vegetation. An underwater view would reveal ledges sculpted to meet the picky demands of different amphibian species that prefer to lay their eggs at certain depths.

A faux beaver dam at one end of the pond helps stabilize water-level fluctuations from urban runoff and acts as a buffer between it and a lower pond, which is affected by unnatural water level changes when Lake Washington is raised or lowered. Richter’s studies found that amphibians do fine with natural hydrological changes after winter rains and summer drought, but don’t fare well under imposed changes.


Ethical argument

Our quest continued.

“We should be able to scare them into the pond,” Richter said, hopefully parting sedges and grasses. As if to taunt us, frogs called from across the water where we’d been standing minutes earlier.

“Frogs are an integral part of our wetland ecosystem and extremely beneficial,” Richter said. “But I wonder why we always have to justify protecting animals and plants; we don’t justify Mount Rainier or blue sky. We owe something to this world simply from an ethical standpoint.”

Just as we were turning to leave, I caught a flash of green movement from the corner of one eye. “Frog!” I shouted, and in one wet-kneed lunge, Richter was holding it in his hands. He showed me the green-and-brown splotched male’s characteristic dark-gray throat sac, and as he gently stroked its chest and belly, the sac began to swell and the frog began ka-reeking in his hand. After a minute, he released it into the water, wishing it well on its journey to paternity.
If only everyone could hold a singing frog — it’s like holding the voice of spring in your hand.


Freelance writer Kathryn True, of Vashon Island, is a regular contributor to Northwest Weekend. Contact her through her Web site: www.kathryntrue.com

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Sunday, March 23rd, 2008

Water fixtures add to the value of the house

Water is the most basic necessity of the mankind. Thus when looking for a house the first question that every family asks, is about the water supply. A proper water supply reduces half of the problems for the family-staying in. to make the house easily saleable and to get a better price proper water fixtures and water supply is very important. Once the buyer gets an assurance that the basic amenities mainly water is proper half deal is done.

Water fixtures for the bathrooms are crucial

More than anything bathroom is the most important part of the house. A well-maintained bathroom significantly appreciates the value of the house. Proper water fixture matter the most in the bathroom. For a good-looking bathroom, repair all the leaking taps and showers. If they are not reparable replace them. Similarly see if the heater is working fine and hot water is coming, buyers will always check this. Before showing the house to any buyer make sure that all the flushes are working fine. A good and well maintained bathroom is the weakness of most buyers.

Water fixtures for the kitchen

Proper water supply in the kitchen is very important to leave a good impression over the buyer. A well-maintained kitchen greatly adds to the value of the house. For a better sale change the water fixtures if they are not working fine. Repair tap leaks if any. If there is and should be a water filter that is working fine. Make sure that the water fixtures of the washbasins are working fine.

External water fixtures

External water fixtures mainly include water fixtures in the lawn or the garden. Further they include the pipelines that allow water supply indoors. To increase the value of the house makes sure that there are no leakages in these pipelines and they are working fine.

Water is the most basic necessity, if everything is fine with the water supply buyer is more relieved and thus you can bargain a higher price. Most buyers happily pay a higher price with proper water supply and fixtures.

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Monday, March 10th, 2008

Cruise ship safety under scrutiny

GEORGE TOWN, Cayman Islands: A US government report has raised serious concerns about standards of crew training on some cruise ships, including those that operate in the Caribbean. The report, just released by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), reveals that an incident, which occurred on 18 July 2006 and resulted in 14 people on board the Crown Princess receiving serious injuries with a further 284 slightly injured, could have been avoided by better training. According to the report, %26ldquo;The probable cause of an accident involving the cruise ship Crown Princess was the Second Officer%26rsquo;s incorrect wheel commands, executed first to counter an unanticipated high rate of turn and then to counter the vessel%26rsquo;s heeling. Contributing to the cause of the accident were the Captain%26rsquo;s and Staff Captain%26rsquo;s inappropriate inputs to the vessel%26rsquo;s integrated navigation system while it was travelling at high speed in relatively shallow water, their failure to stabilise the vessel%26rsquo;s heading fluctuations before leaving the bridge, and the inadequate training of crewmembers in the use of integrated navigation systems.%26rdquo;

Princess Cruise Lines’ Crown Princess

The incident is reported to have begun after the vessel, which had been in service about a month and was coming to the end of 10-day cruise, left Port Canaveral, Florida for New York. The vessel had just retunred from cruising in the Caribbean. About an hour after departing, and 11 miles off the Florida coast, it is reported that the vessel%26rsquo;s automatic navigation system caused the ship%26rsquo;s heading to fluctuate around its intended course. Alarmed by a perceived high rate of turn, the Second Officer attempted to take corrective action that resulted in the ship heeling to a maximum angle of about 24 degrees to starboard. This caused people to be thrown about or struck by unsecured objects, injuring passengers and crewmembers. The vessel incurred no damage to its structure but sustained considerable damage to unsecured interior components, cabinets, and their contents. Maritime experts say that, on a vessel the size of Crown Princess, a list of anything more than 10 degrees should be regarded as, %26ldquo;extreme.%26rdquo; The report adopted by the NTSB states that the Crown Princess was operating at nearly full speed when the Second Officer took the controls. Because of instabilities in the automatic steering system, they faced the problem of navigating a vessel that exhibited both increasing course deviations and high rates of turn. The Second Officer took manual control of the steering and steered back and forth between port and starboard in increasingly wider turns. Rather than remedying the problem, the Second Officer%26rsquo;s actions aggravated the situation, resulting in a very large angle of heel. The Captain quickly returned to the bridge and brought the vessel under control by centring the rudder and reducing speed. The NTSB concluded that the incident occurred because the Second Officer initially turned the wheel to port, when he should have turned it to starboard to counteract the turn. The NTSB also stated that the Captain and Staff Captain made errors with regard to the ship%26rsquo;s integrated navigation system. These errors included:

Failure to recognise that the integrated navigation system could be unpredictable at high speed in shallow water.

Failure to recognise that the rudder economy and rudder limit settings on the integrated navigation system were inappropriate for the vessel%26rsquo;s speed and operating conditions.

The NTSB concluded that these errors stemmed from inadequate training and lack of familiarity with the integrated navigation system.

As a result of its investigation, they made recommendations regarding integrated navigation system training to the US Coast Guard, the Cruise Lines International Association, and to SAM Electronics and Sperry Marine, manufacturers of integrated navigation systems. A week after the accident, Princess Cruises, a unit of Miami-based Carnival Corp., publicly blamed the incident on %26ldquo;human error,%26rdquo; and said it had removed the personnel from active duty pending investigation. Following the release of the NTSB report, Princess Cruises again observed that the accident was the %26ldquo;unfortunate result of human error%26rdquo; but said that it has since implemented %26ldquo;many measures designed to keep a similar situation from occurring.%26rdquo; Among the measures introduced, they cited more training for deck officers, strengthened oversight, improved hand-over procedures, and new advisers who report on bridge operations, onboard emergency-response procedures and staff training. The statement continued, %26ldquo;We want to assure our passengers, or those who may be thinking about travelling with Princess, that the highest priority for our company is the safety and well-being of our passengers and crew.%26rdquo; NTSB members also voted to recommend changes as a result of the accident. The board said the US Coast Guard should propose to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) that crew training on %26lsquo;integrated navigation systems%26rsquo; like the one aboard the Crown Princess be mandatory. The agency also said the IMO should require that data recorders aboard cruise ships note all heel angles. In the meantime, board members said the Cruise Lines International Association, the trade association for the industry, should voluntarily adopt the extra training should international law not require it. They also narrowly approved language calling on the trade group to ask its members to provide key crew members with, %26ldquo;unanticipated scenario,%26rdquo; training. %26ldquo;It really is the stress that [the second officer] was under that probably caused him to make that inexplicable mistake,%26rdquo; commented NTSB member Kitty Higgins. %26ldquo;We see from this accident the importance of having adequate training,%26rdquo; said the NTSB%26rsquo;s Mark V Rosenker. %26ldquo;Had the crew been better trained in the equipment they were using, this accident may not have occurred, and implementing our recommendations is one way to help ensure this.%26rdquo; Transportation law firm Kreindler %26amp; Kreindler LLP represents 31 passengers in a lawsuit filed in a Los Angeles court. The suit claims the passengers suffered physical and psychological injuries when the ship listed, emptying swimming pools and tossing people and furniture around the decks. They say people in cabins saw water rising up over their windows while on the other side people looking out saw nothing but sky. %26ldquo;We agree with the NTSB%26rsquo;s findings regarding the crew failures, but we are independently reviewing the evidence and will undertake further investigation into the reasons for the port listing, the instrument panel display, whether there was a mechanical failure of a system and the officer%26rsquo;s reaction,%26rdquo; said Kreindler %26amp; Kreindler partner Dan Rose. Kreindler %26amp; Kreindler%26rsquo;s comments on the report also read, %26ldquo;Training and practice of such vital controls should not be done during a cruise with passengers on board, obviously. The accident and injuries would likely have been avoided if the crew had received adequate systems training.%26rdquo; The Crown Princess was launched in June 2006, with much fanfare, and christened by celebrity Martha Stewart. The vessel is 951 feet long, was built in Italy at a cost of US$400 million, can hold over 4000 passengers and crew and is registered in Bermuda. Crown Princess continues to visit Caribbean destinations on long cruises out of New York. In March 2006, another Princess line vessel, Star Princess, suffered severe damage after a fire broke out en route from Grand Cayman to Montego Bay, Jamaica. Before the fire was brought under control, 79 cabins were destroyed and a further 204 damaged by smoke or water. One passenger died in the fire and a further 11 required medical treatment. In the case, the UK%26rsquo;s Marine Accident Investigation Board investigated the incident. Their report recommended that a number of safety measures, including improved staff training, be introduced.

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Saturday, February 23rd, 2008

GREENTHUMB A successful small garden

Nancy Brachey offers tips and solutions for home gardeners:

Perennial weeds such as dandelions to dig out and remove. Dig this native soil deeply, at least 8 inches. Once this is done, frame the bed with your edgers. The frame should be at least 4 inches high. Then fill in the frame with the best garden soil you can get your hands on. This could be a combination of compost, packaged soil conditioner and topsoil worked into the native soil. You want to create loose soil capable of holding air and water and allowing roots to develop robustly.

Try to fill the raised bed to the top edge, recognizing that this light airy soil will settle over time.

Excellent soil prep and the creation of small beds placed in open sunshine are the two most important first steps toward a successful small garden. A third one is a hose that you can place among your plants to allow water to seep gently through tiny pores into the root zones once you attach it to your garden hose. This is a highly efficient form of irrigating vegetable crops, one that in times of drought we should all embrace. As a bonus, these black soaker hoses, usually sold in 50-foot lengths, are often made of recycled rubber. To get started, you also need packaged lime to make your soil less acidic, garden fertilizer, seeds and plants.

If you get going, you have time to prepare your beds and plant early crops including leaf lettuce, spinach, peas and carrots while the ground and air remain cool. If you are mainly interested in garden of summer vegetables such as tomatoes, peppers, melons, eggplants and squashes, you have even more time. Those crops go in starting about mid-April. I’ll tell you more about them as spring moves in.

Contact Nancy Brachey: The Observer, P.O. Box 30308, Charlotte, NC 28230-0308; nbrachey@charlotteobserver.com; 704-358-5224

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Sunday, February 17th, 2008

Kumara swells with athletes for annual race

The sun-soaked Kumara Racecourse was brimming with tents, campervans, kayaks, bikes and excitement.
For most, it was a fleeting visit.
Today many will have left and will be well on their way to completing the 26th Speights Coast to Coast.
They will have run 3km, cycled 55km and taken on a 33km mountain run before they set up camp at Klondyke Corner after day one of the two-day individual and teams event.
Meanwhile, back at Kumara another group of athletes will be keeping the atmosphere of anticipation warm, as they prepare for tomorrows one-day challenge, dubbed %26quot;the longest day%26quot;.
Its familiar territory for local Kumarians. The annual influx of athletes into the area is nothing new to them.
Every year they come from world class athletes to those who just need a challenge.
Similarly, every year they leave just as quickly, headed for the Christchurch suburb of Sumner on the other side of the country, but a world away from the sleepy town of Kumara.
Among the athletes to grace the town there will be top contenders — Richard Ussher, Gordon Walker, Emily Miazga and Elina Ussher to name a few in the one-day individual section — but its likely race records wont be under threat this year. Low water levels in the Wamakariri River, which will host the kayak leg, had race director Robin Judkins predicting most athletes would finish about half an hour after their expected times, although he wasnt expecting that to cause too many problems.
However, for many of the athletes many first-time Coast to Coasters, others just wanting to improve on last years performance it wont be the time thats on their mind.
It will be finishing with bike, kayak and body intact some time tomorrow.

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Friday, February 8th, 2008

Ohiopyles WinterFest a needed break from doldrums

OHIOPYLE, Pa. — It was a winter wonderful day on snow-crusted Sugarloaf Mountain, three miles outside — and 1,000 feet above — this Fayette County town.

Squealing children and more reserved adults on plastic sleds, inner tubes and kayaks slid down a fairly steep hill bordered by glistening ice-coated Appalachian hardwood trees.

Other children and adults met with a musher and his dog-sled team, learned about survival in the woods, tried on snowshoes and cross-country skis and played Frisbee golf.

It was all part of Ohiopyle’s Second Annual WinterFest, a mid-point break in a season that keeps too many people indoors. More than 200 persons came out to participate or watch. And the weather was perfect — sunshine, blue skies, temperatures in the mid-20s and none of the wicked wind that chilled last year’s participants to their bones.

“It’s awesome the park does this to get people out in nature,” said Paul Winter, of nearby Farmington. “They couldn’t have planned a better day, even with the ice and all.

Ah, yes. The ice. There wasn’t much of anything to slide on three days ago. Then came a coating of snow followed by a layer of ice followed by another coating of snow. It was less than 2 inches thick, but it was enough to slide on. Was it ever. Some riders came within a few feet of sliding into a nearby parking lot.

The run-out — about 100 yards over some bumps and dips — was twice as long as the hill.

“It’s a lot of fun,” said sled-rider Roland Ebong, a 12-year-old seventh-grader at the Spring Valley Community School in Farmington, part of Church Communities International.

Zac Wright, dressed in a bright orange one-piece hunting suit, whizzed by on a big innertube. “It really goes,” said the 16-year-old junior at California Area High School. Also on the hill with a big tube was his brother, Zane, 13, who attends California Middle School.

Jim Wright captured all the sliding on a hand-held digital video recorder. “It’s been a special week for all of us,” said Mr. Wright, 45, a disabled maintenance worker from Daisytown, Washington County. “I just adopted the boys. We were all in [Common Pleas] court on Thursday to make it official.”

Another son, Jermaine Merrill, 21, a junior majoring in graphic design at Clarion University, attended WinterFest with his girlfriend, Leane Helton, 19, a sophomore special education major at Waynesburg College. He was enthusiastic about snowtubing; she was a bit apprehensive.

“I was so scared at the top of the hill,” she said. “I could ski it because I can control the skis. But you don’t have any control on an innertube.”

The Wild family from Canberra, Australia, gave the event an international flavor. Russell, 36, is the first secretary of the Australian embassy in Washington, D.C. He was joined by his wife, Marissa, 34, and their son, Jackson, 4. Mother and son rode the sled. Dad pushed.

They moved to the side of the run-out area as Jeff Felton, 25, of Follansbee, W.Va., and Ron Metzger, 36, of Waynesville, Ohio, started down the hill in their bright yellow kayaks.

“It’s bumpier than you think it is,” Mr. Metzger said. “It was like running Cucumber rapid (on the Youghiogheny River) at a low water level when you feel more rocks than water.”

They then handed the kayaks over to Jocelyn Metzger, 30, and Toni Hartley, 40, of Westerville, Ohio. The quartet then doubled up. The men sat on the back of the kayaks; the women sat in the cockpits.

WinterFest was sponsored by the park, the Friends of Ohiopyle State Park, Jellystone Campground, The Lodge at Chalk Hill, Tom %26amp; Jerry’s Medical Service and Animal House Pet Needs.

Lawrence Walsh can be reached at lwalsh@post-gazette.com and 412-263-1488.

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Sunday, February 3rd, 2008

Master Gardener Minimize runoff for healthier creeks

Q: I know that storm water can wash from our gardens into street gutters and then into creeks. What can home gardeners do to help keep our local creeks clean?

%26#8212;Bobbi Hunter, Santa Ynez

A: Gardening practices throughout a watershed can indeed affect the health of local creeks as runoff

from gardens, rooftops, driveways, walkways and patios washes into streets, gutters and storm drain systems. Ultimately these lead into our creeks. This water can carry excess fertilizers and pesticides, as Master Gardener Lee Oliphant explained in December, and it can also carry additional toxic materials, soil and exotic plant seeds.

Gardeners, by helping control the quality and quantity of water washing from the many gardens in a watershed, can play a vital role in controlling this source of water pollution. Note the following suggestions:

%26#8226; Use a flat shovel and a broom to remove soil and garden debris from walkways, driveways, patios, and gutters before rain. If washing with water is necessary, wash back into the garden, rather than into the gutter.

%26#8226; Cover as much soil surface as possible with plants, mulch or other materials suitable to help minimize erosion.

%26#8226;Maintain irrigation systems to avoid leaks and gushers that can wash soil from the garden.

%26#8226; Use permeable paving materials that allow water to move through them and into the soil.

%26#8226; Loosen the surface of hard-packed soil to increase water penetration and decrease surface runoff.

%26#8226; Use plants with root systems sufficient to hold soil in place on embankments, and mulch to lessen the impact of water striking the soil surface. Irrigate in time periods of short duration to minimize runoff.

%26#8226; Carefully follow directions on pesticides and fertilizers to minimize excess application.

Remember that gardening and installation of structures such as steps, fences, planters and retaining walls on or near creek banks should trigger special consideration of bank stability, erosion control, habitat conservation, exotic plants and water quality. The California Department of Fish and Game can provide relevant guidance and information.

MORE ONLINE

Additional related information may be found on the following Web sites created by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service and UC Davis:

www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/WATER/U/wcufre.ucdavis.edu/products /CUFR_182_UFfactsheet4.pdf

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Friday, February 1st, 2008