PHILADELPHIA — Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, whose remarkable paintings are drawing crowds to Philadelphia’s Museum of Art, might be happy that this city was chosen for a rare retrospective of her work.
In Philadelphia, many women have broken new ground in art, and with a rapidly growing Mexican population, this town also has increasingly excellent Mexican dining and shopping. This surely would please Kahlo, who dearly loved her native land.
Visitors are lining up for timed tickets to the Kahlo exhibit, which is drawn from a larger version of the show that opened in Mexico City to celebrate the centennial of Kahlo’s birth in July 1907. Philadelphia is the only East Coast venue. In June, the exhibit will go on to the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.
Philadelphia museums
%26#149; The exhibits:
Frida Kahlo: Through May 18 at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Benjamin Franklin Parkway at 26th Street; 1-215-763-8100; www.philamuseum.org. Timed tickets, $20 including audio tour. Hours: Tues.-Thurs. 10 a.m.-5 p.m.; Fri. until 8:45 p.m.; Sat.-Sun. until 6 p.m. “The Art of Lee Miller,” through April 27, is included with museum admission, $14; pay what you wish on Sunday.
Cecilia Beaux: Through April 13 at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 1301 Cherry St.; 1-215-972-7600; www.pafa.org. Tues.-Sat. 10 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sun. 11 a.m.-5 p.m. Admission, $7.
Moore College of Art and Design: 20th Street and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway; 1-215-965-4000; www.moore.edu. Seven galleries. Tues.-Fri. 10 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sat.-Sun. noon-4 p.m. Free admission.
The Plastic Club: 247 Camac St.; Phone: 1-215-545-9324. Changing monthly exhibits. Free admission.
%26#149; Philadelphia information: www.gophila.com.
Included are more than 40 paintings, some never seen before in the United States, and more than 100 photographs, many from Kahlo’s private collection. They tell the story of a woman who felt passionately about everything from love to politics and was able to pour this emotion into her art. Most of her best-known paintings are self-portraits. Those that graphically portray pain are not easy to take. But they possess brilliant color and an undeniable power that have gained legions of admirers and made her a cult figure in the art world.
Kahlo suffered from more than the broken heart caused by her straying husband, the muralist and revolutionary Diego Rivera. A streetcar accident in her late teens shattered her spine and made her unable to bear children. It was during recuperation from the accident that she began to paint, transforming her suffering into art.
The colorful Mexican garb that became her trademark helped to hide the steel corset she had to wear all her life. Some of the most difficult paintings portray the 30 surgeries she was subjected to over her lifetime and her grief at being childless. Her pet monkeys and parrots, who perhaps were her surrogate children, are with her in several paintings.
Four galleries of photos that precede the paintings are an excellent introduction, showing the highs and lows of her life, and figures like Socialist Leon Trotsky, with whom she reputedly had an affair. The photos show that Kahlo was far more attractive than the heavy browed, faintly mustached woman in her paintings, one of which was titled “Very Ugly.”
In celebration of the Kahlo show, the museum gift shop is packed with tempting wares from Mexico. Two local shops, Eye’s Gallery, 402 South St., and Indigo Arts, 151 N. Third St., also are troves of colorful Mexican art, jewelry, clothing, musical instruments and crafts.
Lee Miller
Exceptional women are being celebrated in several Philadelphia exhibits this spring. Another female iconoclast, photographer Lee Miller, is the subject of a separate exhibit at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, also inspired by the centenary of her birth.
“The Art of Lee Miller” celebrates the life of an internationally renowned beauty who worked on both sides of the camera. Miller was a fashion model and studio assistant to Man Ray in Paris before coming into her own with portraits and photos from her extensive travels.
Her sometimes bizarre work clearly shows the influence of the friendships she formed with leading Surrealists such as Salvador Dali and Max Ernst. But she is best known for her sometimes-brutal photos as one of the few female war correspondents during World War II. For British Vogue, she photographed medical teams working to save the wounded shortly after the D-Day invasion and the liberation of Paris.
Near the end of the war, Miller traveled east into Germany where she published shocking first-hand accounts of the concentration camp at Dachau and images of Hitler’s abandoned flat in Munich, including one of herself in Hitler’s bath tub. The show, organized by London’s Victoria %26amp; Albert Museum, will travel to San Francisco MOMA and the Jeu de Paume in Paris after leaving Philadelphia.
Cecilia Beaux
After the harsh subjects of Frida Kahlo and Lee Miller, the softer portraits by Philadelphia native Cecilia Beaux at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts may seem a relief. But while Beaux’s subject matter was traditional, she was a trailblazer.
She studied at the Pennsylvania Academy from 1876-78 and became its first female faculty member. Although the years have eclipsed her fame, this exhibit of 85 oils and works on paper clearly show why she was widely celebrated in her lifetime and considered the artistic equal of portraitists such as Mary Cassatt and John Singer Sargent.
Beaux won many prestigious art prizes for her portraits of the upper classes and was the first American woman to be invited to add her likeness to the Hall of Portraits at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. Her portraits are in the permanent collections of the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Metropolitan Museum in New York.
Moore College of Art and Design
Beaux was not the only woman to find encouragement in 19th-century Philadelphia. Moore College of Art and Design, the first and only women’s art and design college in the nation, was founded in 1848 by Sarah Peter, who saw art as a way to educate women for careers and financial independence.
Originally named the Philadelphia School of Design for Women until merging with the Moore Institute in 1932, the school’s first major was textile design, which prepared women to work in the new industries created by the Industrial Revolution. Today, Moore has 10 fine arts and design programs leading to a bachelor of fine arts degree.
In 1897, the school hosted the first meeting of the Plastic Club, a pioneer club where women artists could exchange ideas and exhibit their work. “Plastic” was meant to refer to the state of any unfinished work of art. Cecilia Beaux was a member along with students of a prominent artist of the time, Howard Pyle, who called his talented group the “Red Rose Girls.”
The women’s club, a rarity at the time, held regular exhibits as well as lectures and workshops — practices that continue to this day. When their rented rooms became too cramped, members held entertainments to raise funds, along with art auctions. Prominent male painters including John Sloan and William Glackens contributed work to the auctions, helping to finance the move in 1909 to an 1824 double townhouse on Camac Street with an exceptional studio/gallery on the second floor. Membership was expanded to include men in 1991.
The public is invited to view free exhibitions at the Plastic Club, enjoying their quarters on a quaint, historic Philadelphia street that has been dubbed by the city “The Street of Artists.” Workshops using live models are open to the public for a fee of $8.
Graduates of Moore (when it was still called the Philadelphia School of Design for Women) continued to pave the way for women artists. They formed most of the group of painters and sculptors known as the “Philadelphia 10″ that mounted traveling exhibitions of women’s work from 1917-45. These exhibits presenting high quality work were a significant step toward gaining recognition for women in the wider art world.
Moore College of Art and Design, now centrally located on Logan Square opposite the Franklin Institute, continues to show the work of talented women as part of its exhibits. The school has five free public galleries showing student work along with a wide variety of innovative contemporary art.
Eleanor Berman is an award-winning writer whose travels have taken her to 70 countries and seven continents.
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